تأثیر بیوچار بر جذب آفت‌کش‌ها در خاک‌ها

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران.

2 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران.

چکیده

امروزه از آفت‌کش‌ها به‌طور گسترده در نظام‌های کشاورزی استفاده می‌شود. استفاده ناکارآمد و گسترده از آفت‌کش‌ها در طول ۵ تا ۶ دهه گذشته ناخواسته سبب کاهش جدی کیفیت محیط‌زیست شده و سلامت جانداران از جمله انسان‌ها را به خطر انداخته است. استفاده از برخی رویکردهای سازگار با محیط‌زیست و پایدار برای اصلاح، بازیابی و حفظ کیفیت خاک بسیار مهم است. بیوچار به‌عنوان یک اصلاحگر خاک، در سطح جهانی توجه قابل‌توجهی را به خود جلب کرده است، زیرا توانایی جذب و به حداقل رساندن زیست‌فراهمی آفت‌کش‌ها را در خاک دارد. در این مطالعه از وبسایت‌های ریسرچ‌گیت، اسکوپوس، گوگل اسکولار و ساینس دایرکت به‌عنوان منابعی برای جمع‌آوری اطلاعات استفاده شد. همچنین، 40 مقاله منتشر شده از سال‌های 2013 تا 2025 انتخاب و مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. این مطالعه، ترکیبی جامع از پیشرفت‌های اخیر در جذب آفت‌کش‌ها به‌وسیله بیوچار را ارائه می‌دهد و جنبه‌های کلیدی مانند سازوکار‌های تولید بیوچار، سازوکار‌های جذب و روش‌های اصلاح نوآورانه شامل فعال‌سازی فیزیکی، شیمیایی و بیولوژیکی را روشن می‌کند. همچنین، این مطالعه با هدف ارائه بینش‌های گسترده‌تر در مورد پتانسیل بیوچار برای کاهش مؤثر آلودگی آفت‌کش‌ها انجام شده است. این دیدگاه روشنگرانه به شکل‌دهی و جهت‌گیری‌های پژوهش‌های آینده در زمینه اصلاح آلودگی آفت‌کش‌ها کمک می‌کند و در نتیجه، نوآوری و اهمیت کار ارائه شده را افزایش می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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