تعیین حد آستانه‌ای ماده آلی در نفوذ آب به خاک برای برخی خاک‌های منطقه نیمه‌خشک (مطالعه موردی: استان زنجان)

مقالات آماده انتشار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

چکیده

نفوذ آب به خاک فرایندی کلیدی در مدیریت منابع آب است و ویژگی‌های خاک در تغییر مقدار آن نقش مهمی دارند. هدف این پژوهش، شناسایی ویژگی‌های تعیین کننده خاک در فرایند نفوذ آب و در ادامه تعیین حد آستانه‌ای ماده آلی بود. برای این کار، آزمایش نفوذ آب به خاک در 68 نقطه از استان زنجان در کاربری‌های مختلف زمین به‌صورت صحرایی با استفاده از حلقه‌های دوگانه انجام شد و ویژگی‌های مختلف خاک‌ها در نمونه‌های دست‏خورده و دست‏نخورده تعیین گردیدند. از روش ماتریس همبستگی پیرسون برای تعیین روابط خطی میان میانگین شدت نفوذ آب و ویژگی‌های خاک استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که شدت نفوذ آب در خاک همبستگی‌های بسیار معناداری به‌ترتیب با ماده آلی (**r = 0.51)، پایداری خاک‏دانه‌ها (**r =0.49) و جرم مخصوص ظاهری (**r = -0.47) داشت. بر اساس روش رگرسیون قطعه‌ای، سطح 1.5 درصد ماده آلی در خاک نقطه شکست تابع رابطه میان شدت نفوذ آب در خاک و مقدار ماده آلی بود. بنابراین، مقدار 1.5 درصد ماده آلی به‌عنوان حد آستانه اثرگذاری این متغیر بر نفوذ آب به خاک انتخاب شد؛ به‌طوری‌که تنها در مقادیر بالاتر از آن، نقش ماده آلی در شدت نفوذ آب در خاک بارز بود (**r = 0.57). همچنین، همبستگی‌های معنادار میان شاخص‌های پایداری خاک‏دانه‌ها (میانگین وزنی و هندسی) و مقدار ماده آلی در بالاتر از حد آستانه ماده آلی ( به‌‏ترتیب **r = 0.41 و **r = 0.5) وجود داشتند. به‌طور کلی، نتایج نشان داد که مقدار 1.5 درصد ماده آلی در خاک به‌عنوان یک حد آستانه مهم اثرگذار بر شدت نفوذ آب در خاک‌های مورد پژوهش بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

مراجع

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